徐直军：中国AI模型发展仍需加快

yun2026

徐直军：中国AI模型发展仍需加快

2026年6月，中国科学院广州能源研究所研制的150摄氏度蒸汽热泵机组试机成功。设备以约70摄氏度的工业余热作为热源，通过压缩式热泵循环直接获得更高温度的蒸汽，尝试把原先难以充分利用的低品位热量提升为可用于工业流程的能源。

一些高温蒸汽方案需要把热泵与蒸汽压缩机组合起来，增加系统复杂度。此次样机不再需要蒸汽二次压缩，有助于简化流程。研究人员还针对热源不断波动的情况，引入经过卡尔曼滤波修正的模型预测控制，让设备更快调整运行状态，改善变工况下的稳定性。团队认为，这种技术也可与氢燃料电池结合，回收发电过程中产生的中低温余热，形成更充分的能源利用链条。当前进展来自样机与控制研究，工程应用时还需根据工厂热源温度、蒸汽需求和运行时段匹配系统。它展示的是余热升级利用的路线，并不意味着蒸汽生产可以不消耗外部能源。

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