我国海水淡化日处理能力突破 300 万吨

yun2026

我国海水淡化日处理能力突破 300 万吨

2026年9月，中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所公布一种超硬陶瓷的高温减摩机制。团队发现，铝镁硼陶瓷在超过900摄氏度的条件下，表面能够原位产生适应环境变化的液态润滑膜。在相应实验条件中，摩擦系数最低达到0.09，磨损量也接近零，为解决高温机械部件难以稳定润滑的问题提供了新线索。

研究重点不仅在材料有多硬，还在摩擦过程中表层如何变化。测试显示，大气和真空环境下形成的摩擦层都能与陶瓷基体保持较牢固的结合，外层负责润滑，下方较硬的过渡层提供支撑。这种双层结构使承载和减摩在同一材料中配合发挥作用。团队据此提出，通过控制高温时的表面反应，可以设计能够自行形成润滑层的耐磨陶瓷。相关成果可为极端工况材料开发提供参考，但实验中的温度、载荷与环境条件仍是理解性能数据的重要前提，实际部件应用需要进一步考察寿命和可靠性。

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